Chihuahua

Personality

Chihuahuas tend to bond tightly with one person or a small family and can be wary of strangers (AKC rates openness to strangers 2 of 5). Their small size makes them fragile around rough play, which is part of why the AKC rates them low with young children. They are bright, alert and quick to sound the alarm.

Exercise

A Chihuahua gets much of its exercise trotting after its people, and the AKC suggests short, slow walks to keep it fit and at a healthy weight. Avoid overexertion: if a Chihuahua is panting hard and struggling to keep up, the AKC’s advice is to pick it up and carry it home. Indoor games and short training sessions are great for mental exercise.

Grooming

There are two coats. The smooth coat needs only occasional brushing and baths; the long coat should be brushed at least weekly to prevent tangles. Trim the nails regularly, and take dental care seriously: the AKC recommends brushing the teeth and asking your vet about dental treats.

Health: what to know

• Heart problems (patent ductus arteriosus, mitral valve disease). The AKC lists these among the conditions that can affect the breed. Regular vet checks catch murmurs early.
• Patellar luxation (loose kneecaps). A skip in the step or holding a back leg up is worth a vet visit.
• Eye disease and idiopathic epilepsy. Both are known to occur in the breed, per the AKC. Choose a breeder who screens breeding dogs.
• Dental disease. Small mouths crowd teeth. Daily brushing and regular dental checks matter more than in most breeds.

Training

Chihuahuas are intelligent and eager to please, and the AKC says they respond well to positive training. They also learn quickly how to get their way, so consistency from puppyhood matters: don’t allow a puppy habits you wouldn’t accept in an adult. They can excel in obedience and other dog sports.

Is this breed right for you?